Cosmetic function: Antioxidant, Humectant, Skin Conditioning
EWG hazard reflects the rating of the ingredient, not the real-world risk of a finished product — hazard depends on concentration. How we read these.
5–20%
L-ascorbic acid is usually used at 5–20% (around 10–15% is common). Above ~20% adds little and tends to irritate more; it also needs a low pH to work.
A general research norm — not the amount in any specific product (INCI lists don't disclose amounts).
Data is aggregated from EWG, CIR, CosIng and the SkinCarisma community, and improves over time. Spot something off? See our methodology. This is general information, not medical advice.